The Castle of Batavia, Seen from Kali Besar West
1656 · Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
landscapeDutch expansion overseas was in both directions, eastward and westwards. In particular, it was the establishment of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in 1602 and the Dutch West India Company (WIC) in 1621, each with clearly demarcated areas of activity, that caused the number of Dutch overseas territories to increase rapidly. Some of the settlements in the western hemisphere were only briefly under Dutch administration: Northern Brazil (1624-1661) and New Holland, with the city of New Amsterdam the future New York at the mouth of the Hudson river (1628-1664).
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